Jump lines in candle making: What they are, troubleshooting and how to avoid them
Jump lines can be a frustrating issue in candle making. If you've experienced these unwanted lines in your candles, don't worry—you’re not alone and there are ways to prevent them! This guide covers everything you need to know about jump lines.
What are jump lines in candles?
In candle making, jump lines are visible lines or ridges that form on the surface of a candle. These lines often run horizontally around the candle.
Why do jump lines form?
Jump lines typically appear when there’s a change in temperature during the candle’s cooling and setting process. When wax cools unevenly, it can create visible seams or ridges where the wax hardened at different times or speeds. This is especially common with pillar candles, as they tend to require a slower, more controlled cooling process compared to container candles.
Common causes of jump lines in pillar candles
- Pouring Temperature: Wax temperature at the time of pouring is an important factor. Pouring wax that is too hot or too cold can lead to inconsistencies in the cooling process, resulting in jump lines.
- Cooling environment: A drastic difference in room temperature can disrupt the wax setting process, creating visible lines as the wax hardens at varying rates.
- Wax and additives: Different wax types have different pouring temperatures and cooling requirements. Some waxes may also react differently with dyes or additives, increasing the likelihood of jump lines.
- Multiple pours: Sometimes, jump lines can appear when a candle is poured in layers. If each layer cools at a different rate, visible lines or seams may appear between the layers.
How to avoid jump lines in pillar candles
If you’ve noticed jump lines in your candles, there are a few troubleshooting steps that can help you reduce or eliminate them. Here’s what to consider:
1. The pouring temperature
Start by checking the recommended pouring temperature for your wax type. Generally, paraffin waxes pour at lower temperatures, while soy and beeswax can vary. Always refer to the manufacturer’s guidelines for the optimal pouring temperature, as each wax type is different.
Example: If you’re using soy wax, it’s often recommended to pour between 120-140°F (49-60°C), while paraffin might be best poured at 160-180°F (71-82°C). Experiment with different temperatures within the recommended range to find the sweet spot for your wax.
2. Create the right environment
The room temperature where you pour your candles matters, especially with pillars. Avoid placing candles near air drafts, fans, or vents, as rapid temperature fluctuations can cause the wax to cool unevenly.
3. Use a warming or pre-heating method
Some candle makers use a heat gun to pre-warm their molds or containers before pouring. This technique can help the wax cool more gradually and evenly, reducing the likelihood of jump lines.
4. Slow cooling process
Slow cooling is especially important with pillar candles, as they are typically exposed to air on all sides. Try insulating your candles by wrapping the mold in a towel or placing it in a box to maintain a consistent temperature as they cool. Slow cooling encourages even hardening and can reduce visible lines.
5. Stir your wax well
Properly stirring your wax ensures that any dyes, additives, or fragrances are fully mixed, which can prevent inconsistencies that sometimes lead to jump lines.